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Chapter 28 Nervous System and the Brain
The nervous system sends _____________ messages throughout your body.
Dendrite - receive input.
Different dendrites are going to sense ______________ things.
Nerves are ______________.
Cell body - decides whether or not to send impulse on.
Axon - passes impulse ___________.
Myelin sheath - insulation so nerves can transmit messages faster; ____________ color.
Node of Ranvier - constriction in myelin sheath.
White matter - lots of myelinated ___________
Gray matter - lots of unmyelinated nerves.
Sensory nerves - carry messages from the _______________ to the brain; can sense things: hot, cold,
wet, pain, enough food in stomach, sound, light, changes in blood pressure.
Motor nerves - carry messages from the _____________ out to the body; respond to the stimulus: move
hand, stop eating, dilate arteries for higher blood pressure.
Labeled line - your brain knows which ____________ sent message.
Cool thing - if you apply a small voltage difference to a particular nerve, your brain thinks it felt something.
Referred pain - pain that is felt in a different location from the affected area; pain from heart attack felt in
__________ arm.
Adaptation - you get used to a constant stimulus; maxed out nerves ____________ longer send info.
Central nervous system - consists of the ____________ and spinal cord.
Peripheral nervous system - all nerves other than the brain and spinal cord.
Somatic nervous system - voluntary; tells _____________ muscles when to contract.
Autonomic nervous system - _____________________; tells smooth and cardiac muscle when to
contract.
Sympathetic nervous system - fight or flight system; _______________ heart rate & breathing, decreases
digestion, opens pupils
Parasympathetic nervous system - normal calm system; _________________ heart rate & breathing,
increases digestion, closes pupils.
Spinal cord - ______________ collection of nerves running from the base of the brain to the hips.
Reflex - _____________, automatic, but predictable response to stimuli; sensory nerves go to the spinal
cord and spinal cord deals with it; no brain.
Different parts of the brain need different amounts of ______________.
Medulla oblongata - regulates ____________ rate and breathing.
Pons - helps with chewing, saliva, tears, facial expression, and ________________ movements.
Cerebellum - controls complex movements; balance, ______________.
Midbrain - helps control _____________ movements.
Reticular formation - maintains consciousness, wakes you up from ______________.
Pineal gland - secretes melatonin; biological _____________.
Limbic system - __________________ aspects of behavior.
Hippocampus - located within the limbic system; have found ____________ nerves grown here.
Thalamus - integrating center for many sensory impulses like touch, pain, and smell.
Hypothalamus - regulates pituitary gland, emotions, behavior, body temp, _______________, hunger.
Pituitary gland - associated with _____________; secretes numerous hormones; master gland.
Cerebral cortex (cerebrum) - sophisticated mental functions; _____________, language, personality,
thinking, memory.
Cerebral hemisphere - 1/2 of cerebral cortex.
Visual association - baby can recognize people from their _____________.
Auditory association - they have known for years that talking to a baby helps the baby learn to
______________.
The right side of the mind controls the muscles on the ____________ side of the body and the left side of
brain controls right side of body.
Artistic ability and generating mental images of sight, sound, touch, taste, smell are on the ____________
side of the brain.
________________, numerical and scientific skills, and reasoning are on the left side of the brain.
Right frontal lobe is associated with _______________.
Women's brains do respond better to ______________, meaning we really are more emotional and
vulnerable to depression.
Women use both sides of their brain to read and speak. Guys tend to predominately use their _________
hemisphere.
______________ tend to navigate by landmarks. Guys tend to navigate by mileage.
Women's brains remember things ______________.
Women's brains shrink _____________.
Women’s corpus callosum is ___________________.
Corpus callosum - connects the _____________ cerebral hemispheres.
Epileptic seizure - nerve impulses spread through the entire _____________ rather than staying on the
appropriate nerve.
Last updated: 8-26-05.
The nervous system sends _____________ messages throughout your body.
Dendrite - receive input.
Different dendrites are going to sense ______________ things.
Nerves are ______________.
Cell body - decides whether or not to send impulse on.
Axon - passes impulse ___________.
Myelin sheath - insulation so nerves can transmit messages faster; ____________ color.
Node of Ranvier - constriction in myelin sheath.
White matter - lots of myelinated ___________
Gray matter - lots of unmyelinated nerves.
Sensory nerves - carry messages from the _______________ to the brain; can sense things: hot, cold,
wet, pain, enough food in stomach, sound, light, changes in blood pressure.
Motor nerves - carry messages from the _____________ out to the body; respond to the stimulus: move
hand, stop eating, dilate arteries for higher blood pressure.
Labeled line - your brain knows which ____________ sent message.
Cool thing - if you apply a small voltage difference to a particular nerve, your brain thinks it felt something.
Referred pain - pain that is felt in a different location from the affected area; pain from heart attack felt in
__________ arm.
Adaptation - you get used to a constant stimulus; maxed out nerves ____________ longer send info.
Central nervous system - consists of the ____________ and spinal cord.
Peripheral nervous system - all nerves other than the brain and spinal cord.
Somatic nervous system - voluntary; tells _____________ muscles when to contract.
Autonomic nervous system - _____________________; tells smooth and cardiac muscle when to
contract.
Sympathetic nervous system - fight or flight system; _______________ heart rate & breathing, decreases
digestion, opens pupils
Parasympathetic nervous system - normal calm system; _________________ heart rate & breathing,
increases digestion, closes pupils.
Spinal cord - ______________ collection of nerves running from the base of the brain to the hips.
Reflex - _____________, automatic, but predictable response to stimuli; sensory nerves go to the spinal
cord and spinal cord deals with it; no brain.
Different parts of the brain need different amounts of ______________.
Medulla oblongata - regulates ____________ rate and breathing.
Pons - helps with chewing, saliva, tears, facial expression, and ________________ movements.
Cerebellum - controls complex movements; balance, ______________.
Midbrain - helps control _____________ movements.
Reticular formation - maintains consciousness, wakes you up from ______________.
Pineal gland - secretes melatonin; biological _____________.
Limbic system - __________________ aspects of behavior.
Hippocampus - located within the limbic system; have found ____________ nerves grown here.
Thalamus - integrating center for many sensory impulses like touch, pain, and smell.
Hypothalamus - regulates pituitary gland, emotions, behavior, body temp, _______________, hunger.
Pituitary gland - associated with _____________; secretes numerous hormones; master gland.
Cerebral cortex (cerebrum) - sophisticated mental functions; _____________, language, personality,
thinking, memory.
Cerebral hemisphere - 1/2 of cerebral cortex.
Visual association - baby can recognize people from their _____________.
Auditory association - they have known for years that talking to a baby helps the baby learn to
______________.
The right side of the mind controls the muscles on the ____________ side of the body and the left side of
brain controls right side of body.
Artistic ability and generating mental images of sight, sound, touch, taste, smell are on the ____________
side of the brain.
________________, numerical and scientific skills, and reasoning are on the left side of the brain.
Right frontal lobe is associated with _______________.
Women's brains do respond better to ______________, meaning we really are more emotional and
vulnerable to depression.
Women use both sides of their brain to read and speak. Guys tend to predominately use their _________
hemisphere.
______________ tend to navigate by landmarks. Guys tend to navigate by mileage.
Women's brains remember things ______________.
Women's brains shrink _____________.
Women’s corpus callosum is ___________________.
Corpus callosum - connects the _____________ cerebral hemispheres.
Epileptic seizure - nerve impulses spread through the entire _____________ rather than staying on the
appropriate nerve.
Last updated: 8-26-05.